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Modal and intensity noise of large-area multiple-transverse-mode VCSELs in multimode-optical-fiber links

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Abstract

The use of large-area multiple-transverse-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) to reduce modal noise in multimode-optical-fiber links has been recently demonstrated.1 Multimode fiber and waveguide systems are usually preferred over single-mode systems for short-distance optical links for reasons of packaging, reliability, and cost. However, when mode- selective losses (MSL), such as splitters and poor connectors, occur in a multimode link, the use of coherent lasers is known to cause modal noise and high bit-error-rate (BER) floors.2,3 Low-coherence self-pulsating laser diodes (SPLDs)4 and LEDs5 are used to avoid modal noise (e.g., in fiber-channel links), but their modulation bandwidths and coupling efficiencies to fiber are limited. VCSELs have high bandwidth, have high coupling efficiency, and are easy to package, but their coherence is an issue for multimode applications.

© 1994 Optical Society of America

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