Abstract
Lightwave networks are evolving from centrally planned provisioned circuits to intelligent, dynamic network elements supporting point and click provisioning and simplified operations with reduced capital and operational costs. Erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) are a key element of these dense wavelength dependent multiplexing (DWDM) systems. WDM systems require high output power, low noise figure EDFAs with a high level of gain flatness over a wide and well-managed bandwidth. Fast transient control is increasingly important as EDFAs need to be able to maintain a constant channel gain during channel load changes.
© 2003 Optical Society of America
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