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Gain Degradation due to Inhomogeneous Excited-State Absorption at 1.5 μm in Aluminum Co-doped Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers

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Abstract

Clarifying the gain degradation characteristics in high concentration erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) is important in optimizing the gain of EDFAs. Previous studies reported that co-operative up-conversion (CU) was dominant in the gain degradation mechanisms [1 - 3]. However, sufficient studies on the gain degradation due to exited state absorption (ESA) at 1.5 μm have not yet been reported. This presentation gives a theoretical and experimental study on the gain degradation due to newly observed ESA. It is considered that ESA occurs mainly in paired and clustered Er3+ ions in this study, whereas in the previous studies occurs in all Er3+ ions [4, 5]. A gain model treating ESA together with CU is presented to explain the measured gain degradation in 1.48-μm pumped EDFAs.

© 1994 Optical Society of America

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