Abstract
Clocks based on ultra-narrow optical transitions of single ions or atom ensembles are today’s most stable frequency standards and, moreover, their accuracy has surpassed that of microwave clocks [1,2]. Therefore, to test these clocks and also for applications like the search for variations of fundamental constants [3] it is necessary to compare these optical clocks at the best possible level, i.e. to measure optical frequency ratios [3,4,5]. Furthermore, comparisons between clocks of different types allow for establishing an international network to enable multiple cross checks.
© 2013 IEEE
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