Abstract
Any quantum algorithm can be decomposed into a sequence of unitary operations applied to individual qubits (single-qubit gate) and conditional quantum dynamics with at least two qubits. Multi-qubit gates (involving two or more qubits) are synthesized by applying a sequence of elementary unitary operations on a collection of qubits. Each of these elementary operations is often similar, or identical, to what is needed for single-qubit gates, and therefore each elementary operation has to be implemented with an error probability well below the tolerable EPG (error probability per gate) of error correction theory characterizing the full gate operation.
© 2007 IEEE
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