Abstract
Magnetic refrigeration has been used since the 1930s to cool solid samples. Here we report on the first experimental realization of demagnetization cooling in a gas [1], following our proposal [2], In the presence of an external magnetic field, particles with a pennanent magnetic dipole moment try to minimize their energy by aligning their dipole along the field, thus generating a macroscopic magnetization of the material. If the field is reduced enough, the particles are able to change their orientation and to do magnetic work during such a demagnetization process. This is done at the expense of their kinetic energy, with a consequent reduction of the temperature of the system.
© 2007 IEEE
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