Abstract
A partitioned system of electrons is mathematically equivalent to an assembly of two- level atoms described by spin operators. The spin-operator uncertainty relation can therefore be interpreted as a number-phase- uncertainty relation for the partition of a single electron. This electron-number uncertainty manifests as a current-difference noise in the output leads of the mesoscopic branching circuit. Similarly, the phase uncertainty is revealed by the properly normalized current-difference fluctuations of the output leads for an interferometric geometry.
© 1994 Optical Society of America
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