Abstract
Degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) is a parametric back-scattering process in which two counterpropagating pump waves interact via nonlinear medium with the incident signal wave (often called probe) of the same frequency. Due to the nonlinear nature of the interaction, a back scattered wave is generated which was shown to be a time reversed (or phase conjugate) replica of the incident signal wave1. Two major simplifications were used in ref.1. One is to neglect pump depletion due to interaction, which is valid only in the low conversion regime. The other is to omit some interaction terms in the nonlinear polarization density. Later the theory has been extended to take these factors into account2-4. These extensions, however, concerned mainly with the amplitude of the back-scattered wave or the phase conjugate reflectivity.
© 1988 Optical Society of America
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