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Bragg Grating Sensors for Extreme Temperature Applications

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Abstract

The expansion of optical fibre technology outside of communications since the telecom crash of 2000 has spurred a rise in research towards improving the performance of many fibre components beyond the temperature limits set by telecoms. Of particular urgency has been within optical sensing where the temperature performance for many application areas often lies outside the -20 to +80 C° window over 25 years, defined by and for telecoms. Fortunately for many applications the time window can be considerably relaxed so that conventional gratings can be used over shorter spans for temperatures as high as 200 °C (although notably compared to the telecom world, there has been no comparable set of detailed empirical annealing studies specifically for sensing applications). But for many other applications, this new limit is insufficient and temperature operation exceeding 200 °C is required. Fortunately, there are many routes to this depending on the upper limit tolerated. General thermal annealing at increasingly elevated temperature for sufficient time can stabilize glass upwards to 600 °C or higher before the first stages of “regeneration” occur [1]. This thermal stability comes at the expense of grating modulation where the grating is weaker in strength than the initial seed grating; the upper limit is determined by the fibre composition – generally the more stable the glass the more likely the upper temperature will be higher. Nevertheless, optimized annealing recipes are clearly central to improving stability.

© 2014 Optical Society of America

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