Abstract
Intense ultrashort laser pulses are able to produce periodic nanostructures through ultrafast ablation of solid surfaces, where the observed size of nanostructures is much smaller than the laser wavelength [1,2]. Intensive studies have been made for a variety of target materials to elucidate the nanostructuring. However, the physical process is not completely understood yet. Based on a series of experimental studies for hard thin films such diamond-like carbon and TiN [2,3], we have shown that near-field enhanced with femtosecond (fs) laser pulses plays the essential role in initiating the nanoscale ablation on the target surface [4], and the origin of nano-periodicity observed can be attributed to the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in the surface layer [5] where the dielectric properties are rapidly changed due to the generation of high-density free electrons.
© 2011 Optical Society of America
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