Abstract
Lithium niobate is one of the workhorses of nonlinear optics technology, widely used for frequency up-conversion, acousto-optic devices,1 and optical switching.2 In these applications, high-intensity laser-induced damage to the LiNbO3 surface is a natural concern. Also, because LiNbO3 is not easily processed by chemical or mechanical means, lasers are being used3 for micromachining and direct writing in optoelectronic circuits.4
© 1991 Optical Society of America
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