Abstract
Recent research into 3-μm-wavelength erbium lasers has shown that efficient operation can be achieved in both the pulsed and cw modes of operation, despite the population bottleneck that arises due to a long lower laser state lifetime. This, we believe, is due in part to the upconversion acting within the system that effectively removes ions from the lower laser state and repopulates the upper state. In a past paper, we reported the first cw operation in monolithic Er3+-doped YAG, GGG, and YSGG via resonant excitation into the 4I11/2 upper laser state (Figure 1).
© 1993 Optical Society of America
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